
FinCEN Flags $9-Billion Iranian ‘Shadow Banking’ Network
The U.S. Treasury Department disclosed the existence of roughly $9 billion in 2024 financial activity tied to Iranian “shadow banking,” mapping a web of front companies and intermediaries used to sell sanctioned oil, launder illicit proceeds, and procure banned technology.





![Case, D. (2015, July 20). Pemex station near Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe Basilica, Mexico City [Photograph]. Wikimedia Commons. Licensed under CC BY‑SA 3.0. Source: Wikimedia Commons, edited Pemex gas station](https://i0.wp.com/www.certainrisk.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/Pemex.jpg?fit=150%2C100&quality=89&ssl=1)